#SanskritAppreciationHour - 28.10.14 - देवीमाहात्म्यम्, Ch I, Vs 50, 51, 52, 53
Bringing verb “आस्ताम्”
Class taken by Narayanan Namboodiri
Sat Sri Akal and welcome all to today's session of #SanskritAppreciationHour with the one and only @PnNamboo Welcome back Sir!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014
धन्यवादाः @RohiniBakshi
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
सर्वेभ्यः नमस्काराः, संस्कृतास्वादने सुस्वागतम् च ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Having done Ramodantam, I shift to देवीमाहत्म्यम् today.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Planned this during Pooja holidays but that could n't be.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Most of you know the story but here is a very brief intro as a background for the day’s session.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
देवीमाहात्म्यम्, also known as चण्डी, दुर्गासप्तशती etc. is part of the Markandeya Puranam.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
देवीमाहात्म्यम् is the glory - माहात्म्यम् - of the Goddess narranted in 13 Chapters,
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
<<< as told by Sage Sumedhas to King Suratha and Samadhi, a vaishya.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
It has three Avatars of the Devi:
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
तामसाविर्भावः, मधुकैटभवधः - प्रथमोऽध्यायः (Chapter 1)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
राजसाविर्भावः, महिषासुरवधः - अध्यायाः Ch. 2-5
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
& सात्विकाविर्भावः, सुम्भनिसुम्भवधः - अध्यायाः Ch 5- 11
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
In Chapter 1, the grieving King and Vaishya escape into the forest, and seeks refuge in Sage Sumedhas.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
The sage explains Maya, which is the cause of all human sufferings.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Seeking enlightenment, they request the Sage to narrate the glory of the Goddess, महामाया which he does.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
After hearing देवीमाहात्म्यम्, they propitiate the Goddess - भुक्तिमुक्तिप्रदायिनी by prolonged austerities as advised by the sage.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Pleased, the Goddess grants them their desires-
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Salvation (मुक्तिः) for the Vaishya and kingdom (भुक्तिः), for the King.
This is the subject of Chapters 12 & 13.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Learn about the three avataars of Devi in DevimahAtmyam in #Sanskrit Follow @PnNamboo conducting #SanskritAppreciationHour right now!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014
प्रथमाध्यायस्य केचन श्लोकाः अद्य पठाम ।
Today we see few verses from Chapter 1.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@samjignyasu @vinaykr91 @SNChd I think कांश्चन श्लोकान् (सत्वसन्धिः) कान् + चन
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
And we do the analysis – अन्वयः to understand them.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
अग्रे सरम वा?
Any questions before we proceed?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@PnNamboo माहात्म्यम्=> किमर्थं वृद्धिरत्र |
— Hari Tirumalai (@haritirumalai) October 28, 2014
@haritirumalai नावगतम् महोदय?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@PnNamboo महात्मनः माहात्म्यम् (वृद्धि:) अनेन देवीमाहात्म्यम् इति किल |
— Hari Tirumalai (@haritirumalai) October 28, 2014
At the time of the Mahapralaya, Lord Vishnu is in Yoganidra on the serpent Adishesha in the waters of deluge.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Here is Verse 50:
योगनिद्रां यदा विष्णुर्जगत्येकार्णवीकृते ।
आस्तीर्य शेषमभजत् कल्पान्ते भगवान् प्रभुः ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
And we take the पदच्छेदः
योगनिद्रां यदा विष्णुः जगति एकार्णवीकृते आस्तीर्य शेषम् अभजत् कल्पान्ते भगवान् प्रभुः ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@PnNamboo अन्वय from अनु+इ the logical order or connection of words in a sentence. lit. how words go after one another...
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014
@PnNamboo the splitting or dividing of words (छिद् class 7 - to cut, separate, divide)
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014
“यदा” here indicates that this Verse is only one part of the अन्वयः
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
We have seen combinations like यदा/कदा, (when/then) and यथा/तथा etc.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Next Verse, with “तदा” will make the complete अन्वयः ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
We look for क्रियापदम् which is – अभजत्, engaged in
and ल्यबन्तम् – आस्तीर्य, having spread (as bed) –
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Complete this ल्यबन्तम् clause as -
“शेषम् आस्तीर्य”, having (serpent) Shesha as bed (On shesha, as bed)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Now we also take the सति-सप्तमी clause - See 2 सप्तमी words (जगति & एकार्णवीकृते)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
जगति एकार्णवीकृते (सति), when the world dissolved and became one ocean
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Q - कदा? When?
A - कल्पान्ते । at the end of Kalpa
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
So this clause is -
कल्पान्ते जगति एकार्णवीकृते (सति)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
<<< At the Kalpapralaya, the great dissolution.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@PnNamboo सति-सप्तमी for those not familiar, is a locative absolute - giving the sense of time 'when' xyz #Sanskrit #Grammar
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014
अन्वयरचना-
कर्तृपदम् – भगवान्, God, Vishnu
प्रभुः, Lord इति विशेषणम्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Start अन्वयः with -
प्रभुः भगवान् निद्राम् अभजत् । Lord Vishnu was engaged in sleep
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Was sleeping
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
किं कृत्वा? Add ल्यबन्तम् to get:
प्रभुः भगवान् शेषम् आस्तीर्य निद्राम् अभजत् ।
Lord Vishnu was sleeping on Sesha as the bed.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@PnNamboo ल्यबन्तम् is one form of the Sanskrit gerund - normally but not always indicating an action that has been done before another one
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014
Q – कदा? When? Add the सति-सप्तमी clause to get:
कल्पान्ते जगति एकार्णवीकृते (सति), प्रभुः भगवान् शेषम् आस्तीर्य निद्राम् अभजत् ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
<<< At the great dissolution (कल्पप्रलये) Lord Vishnu went to sleep on Sesha as the bed.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@PnNamboo एक अर्णव कृते so at the time of dissolution everything will become like one ocean? Is that what it means Sir?
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014
@RohiniBakshi Yes,
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Thus we have अन्वयः of this verse (Sentence with यदा) ---
यदा कल्पान्ते जगति एकार्णवीकृते (सति) प्रभुः भगवान् शेषम् आस्तीर्य निद्राम् अभजत्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Now तदा clause - Verse 51:
तदा द्वावसुरौ घोरौ विख्यातौ मधुकैटभौ ।
विष्णुकर्णमलोद्भूतौ हन्तुं ब्रह्माणमुद्यतौ ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Sandhi Quiz – Name the Sandhi at द्वावसुरौ?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@PnNamboo एचोsयवायावः :)
— Hari Tirumalai (@haritirumalai) October 28, 2014
@PnNamboo द्वौ असुरौ ?
— Vinay KR (@vinaykr91) October 28, 2014
द्वौ + असुरौ = द्वावसुरौ - यान्तावान्तादेशसन्धिः
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Q - कदा? When?
A - कल्पान्ते । at the end of Kalpa
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@sudarshanhs वराहकल्पम् इति व? अहं न जानमि ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@sudarshanhs If regular sankalpa is right, yes we are in Shveta Varaha Kalpa, vaivastava manvantara @RohiniBakshi @PnNamboo
— Marudupandiyar (@chandrasuren) October 28, 2014
@RohiniBakshi द्वौ, असुरौ, घोरौ, विख्यातौ मधुकैटभौ, विष्णुकर्णमलोद्भूतौ - all द्विवचने। उद्यतौ अपि ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
पदच्छेदः
तदा द्वौ असुरौ घोरौ विख्यातौ मधुकैटभौ विष्णुकर्णमलोद्भूतौ हन्तुम् ब्रह्माणं उद्यतौ ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
द्वौ, असुरौ, घोरौ, विख्यातौ मधुकैटभौ, विष्णुकर्णमलोद्भूतौ
कर्तृपदम् & कर्तृपदविशेषणम् – Subject and adjectives all in द्विवचनम्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
And we see no क्रियापदम् –
So what do we do?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Bringing verb “आस्ताम्”
अतः “आस्ताम्” इति अध्याहारः ।
We bring in the Verb for clarity. Also is in द्विवचनम् to match कर्तृपदम्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@PnNamboo Ah. The beauty of the #Sanskrit Language. I don't think this is possible in any other language :-)
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014
& तुमुन्नन्तम्, हन्तुम् - complete this as:–
“ब्रह्माणं हन्तुम्”, to kill Brhma
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Brahma had appeared in the lotus from the Lord’s navel.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
अन्वयरचना –
तदा द्वौ असुरौ आस्ताम् । Then there were two demons
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@PnNamboo Pun Intended :)
विष्णोः कर्णोद्भूतौ द्वावसुरौ मधुकैटभौ |
जह्नो: कर्णोद्भूता पवित्राभूत् हि त्रिपथगा ||
— Hari Tirumalai (@haritirumalai) October 28, 2014
@PnNamboo अध्याहार the act of supplying (what is missing and needed to complete the sentence) from adhi-āhāra
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014
Taking the adjectives,
- विष्णुकर्णमलोद्भूतौ, borne out of the dirt from Vishnu’s ears.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
- विख्यातौ मधुकैटभौ, famous (known as) Madhu and Kaitabha
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@PnNamboo and as every one can now see आस्ताम् (supplied verb) is in dual form to agree with the two asuras. #SanskritAppreciationHour
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014
In the कल्पप्रलय, earth dissolved into the ocean waters and got deposited as dirt in Vishnu’s ears.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Towards the end of प्रलय, the lord drops it back into the ocean and it becomes two demons.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
And the names of the demons signify two characteristics of पृथ्वी – earth.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
यन्मृदुत्वात् मधुर्नाम; कठिनः कैटभश्च ।
मधु formed from earth’s softness and कैटभः out of its hardness.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
and one more adjective -
घोरौ, ferocious
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Add these adjs. to get:
तदा, विष्णुकर्णमलोद्भूतौ, विख्यातौ मधुकैटभौ, द्वौ घोरौ असुरौ आस्ताम् ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@RohiniBakshi I have no idea.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
<<< Then there were two ferocious demons known as Madhu and Kitabha born out of the dirt from Lord Vishnu’s ears.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Let us proceed with the अन्वयः -
Q – असुरौ पुनः कीदृशौ आस्ताम्? One more adjective
A – उद्यतौ आस्ताम् । They were ready, eager
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Q – किं कर्तुम् उद्यतौ आस्ताम्? Take the तुमुन्नन्तम् –
ब्रह्माणं हन्तुं उद्यतौ आस्ताम्, ready to kill Brahma
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
अन्वयः -
तदा, विष्णुकर्णमलोद्भूतौ, विख्यातौ मधुकैटभौ, घोरौ द्वौ असुरौ ब्रह्माणं हन्तुम् उद्यतौ आस्ताम् ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Now अन्वयः of the 2 verses togeher:
यदा कल्पान्ते जगति एकार्णवीकृते (सति) प्रभुः भगवान् शेषम् आस्तीर्य निद्राम् अभजत् >>>>
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
तदा, विष्णुकर्णमलोद्भूतौ, विख्यातौ मधुकैटभौ, द्वौ घोरौ असुरौ ब्रह्माणं हन्तुम् उद्यतौ आस्ताम् ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Just imagine the scene:
Lord Vishnu sleeping in Yoganidra on Asdishesha in the ocean,
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Brahma seated on the lotus of Lord’s navel,
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
and two ferocious demons Madhu and Kaitabha coming to kill Brahma.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
If there are no questions we take the next Verse.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
अग्रे सरम वा? Ready for another verse?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@PnNamboo Beginners please note that the visarga of [अग्रे] सराम: has been dropped by sandhi rules before the वा #SanskritGrammar
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014
two verses 51/52 together:
स नाभिकमले विष्णोः स्थितो ब्रह्मा प्रजापतिः ।
दृष्ट्वा तावसुरौ चोग्रौ प्रसुप्तं च जनार्दनम् ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
and
तुष्टाव योगनिद्रां ताम् एकाग्रहृदयस्थितः ।
प्रबोधनार्थाय हरेर्हरिनेत्रकृतालयाम् ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
पदच्छेदः
सः नाभिकमले विष्णोः स्थितः ब्रह्मा प्रजापतिः दृष्ट्वा तौ असुरौ च उग्रौ प्रसुप्तम् च जनार्दनम्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
<<<< तुष्टाव योगनिद्रां ताम् एकाग्रहृदयस्थितः प्रबोधनार्थाय हरेः हरिनेत्रकृतालयाम् ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
क्रियपदम् – तुष्टाव – Praised through prayers, लिट्, प्र.पु, ए.व
and क्त्वान्तम् – दृष्ट्वा, having seen
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Let us complete this clause first:
कौ दृष्ट्वा? Having seen whom?
तौ उग्रौ असुरौ च दृष्ट्वा, and having seen those two ferocious demons
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
पुनः कं च दृष्ट्वा?
प्रसुप्तं जनार्दनं च दृष्ट्वा, and seeing Janardana, Vishnu fast asleep
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Now we have the ल्यान्तम् clause -
“तौ उग्रौ असुरौ प्रसुप्तं जनार्दनं च दृष्ट्वा”, having seen two ferocious demons and sleeping Janardana.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
The demons are coming to kill him and the only one who can protect him, Lord Vishnu is in Yoganidra under the influence of Maya.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@PnNamboo क्त्वान्तम् is another form of the #Sanskrit gerund.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014
So what does he do?
starts praying to महामाया ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
कर्तृपदम् – ब्रह्मा, Brahma
Again many adjectives….
- विष्णोः नाभिकमले स्थितः, seated on the lotus of lord Vishnu’s navel
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
- सः प्रजापतिः, That Prajapati
and एकाग्रहृदयस्थितः, single minded, with full concentration
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
अन्वयरचना
Start with –
सः ब्रह्मा प्रजापतिः तां योगनिद्रां तुष्टाव । That parjapati Brahma started praising the Yoganidra.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Adding the adjectives,
विष्णोः नाभिकमले स्थितः सः ब्रह्मा प्रजापतिः तां योगनिद्रां एकाग्रहृदयस्थितः तुष्टाव ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@PnNamboo तुष्टाव is 1st person, singular, perfect from the root स्तु - to praise from which we also get stuti and stotra.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014
<<<< That parjapati Brahma seated on the lotus of lord Vishnu’s navel , praised the Yoganidra with full concentration.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Now take the adj for the कर्मपदम् –
कीदृशीं योगनिद्राम्?
हरिनेत्रकृतालयाम्, who was residing in Hari’s (Vishnu’s) eyes
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
महामाया as योगनिद्रा is settled in Vishnu’s eyes – representing the period of unmanifestation.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
During the कल्पप्रलय, माया also withdraws/ dissolves into Vishnu making him also inactive.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
When the lord desires creation (सिसृक्षा) again Maya appears (separated from HIM) to assist in creation.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@PnNamboo सिसृक्षा fem noun formed from the desiderative stem सिसृक्ष् (desire to create) from the root सृज् (to create) #SanskritGrammar
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014
Now we get –
विष्णोः नाभिकमले स्थितः सः ब्रह्मा प्रजापतिः हरिनेत्रकृतालयाम् तां योगनिद्रां एकाग्रहृदयस्थितः तुष्टाव ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
<<< That parjapati Brahma seated on the lotus of lord Vishnu’s navel , praised Yoganidra, residing in Vishnu’s eyes.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
One more Question to complete अन्वयः
Q - किमर्थं तुष्टाव? Why did he start praising?
A - विष्णोः प्रबोधनार्थाय, to awaken Vishnu.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Now we get –
विष्णोः नाभिकमले स्थितः सः ब्रह्मा प्रजापतिः विष्णोः प्रबोधनार्थाय हरिनेत्रकृतालयाम् तां योगनिद्रां एकाग्रहृदयस्थितः तुष्टाव ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
The next 17 verses are the paryers of Brhma.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
any questions?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Thanks everyone.Thats the end of today's session.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
over to @RohiniBakshi
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@PnNamboo Wow! Sir, that was absolutely fantastic. We haven't has so much participation in a long time. Thanks to your unique presentation!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014
धन्यवादाः, पुनर्मिलाम ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
Please join me in thanking @PnNamboo Sir for taking the time and trouble to prepare this session for us. #SanskritAppreciationHour
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014
@RohiniBakshi Me too, enjoyed it. Learning and teaching, its a wonderful & fulfilling experience
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
@RohiniBakshi Definitely with pleasure.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014
